为了探索应变速率对超细晶材料高温变形特点的影响，通过压缩实验以及显微观察，系统研究在不同温度和应变速率下等通道转角挤压 Al 的变形和损伤特点以及显微微组织。结果表明：应变速率的提高消除了等通道转角挤压 Al 在变形温度 T≤473 K 时表现出的应变软化现象，并且大大提高了变形温度在473~573 K 范围的屈服强度和流变应力。等通道转角挤压 Al 的塑性变形主要由剪切变形控制。当应变速率为1×10?3 s?1时，变形温度T ≥473 K 时可观察到沿剪切带形成了大量裂纹，并且二次剪切带基本消失。而当应变速率为1×10?2 s?1时，只有在变形温度低于473 K 时才能观察到沿剪切带形成的裂纹，并且当压缩温度 T≥473 K 时，二次剪切带变得更加清晰。等通道转角挤压 Al 的显微组织主要由亚晶组成，应变速率的提高抑制了亚晶的长大，从而导致高温屈服强度和流变应力的提高。
To explore the effect of strain rate ε on the high temperature deformation characteristics of ultrafine-grained materials, the deformation and damage features as well as microstructures of ECAP-treated pure Al at different temperatures T and strain ratesε were systematically studied through compression tests and microscopic observations. The increase in ε eliminates strain softening at T≤473 K, and largely enhances the yield strength and flow stress at 473?573 K. The shear deformation dominates the plastic deformation of ECAP-treated Al. Many cracks along shear bands (SBs) are formed at T≥473 K and secondary SBs basically disappear at 1×10?3 s?1; however, at 1×10?2 s?1, cracks are only observed at temperature below 473 K, and secondary SBs become clearer at T≥473 K. The microstructures of ECAP-treated Al mainly consist of sub-grains (SGs). The increase in ε inhibits the SG growth, thus leading to the increases both in yield strength and flow stress at high temperatures.
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