采用浸渍法制备了金属改性羟基磷灰石(M/HAP)催化剂,并考察了其催化尿素醇解合成碳酸丙烯酯的反应性能.结果表明,用碱金属、碱土金属和稀土金属改性的HAP催化刺活性比HAP和相应金属氧化物都有不同程度的提高,其中La/HAP活性最高,碳酸丙烯酯收率达91.5%.X射线衍射、扫描电镜、N_2吸附-脱附和CO_2程序升温脱附等表征结果表明,经La改性后,在La/HAP表面形成了大量新的强碱性活性位,这是该催化剂活性高的主要原因.
Metal-modified hydroxyapatite (M/HAP) catalysts were prepared by impregnation. Their catalytic activity was tested for urea alcoholysis to propylene carbonate. Hydroxyapatite catalysts modified by alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, and rare earth metals exhibited higher activity than the hydroxyapatite or corresponding metal oxides. The La-modified hydroxyapatite catalyst (La/HAP) exhibited the highest activity with a 91.5% yield of propylene carbonate. The physicochemical characterization of HAP and La/HAP was performed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N_2 adsorption, and CO_2 temperature-programmed desorption. The high catalytic activity of La/HAP was attributed to a large number of strong basic sites produced on its surface after HAP was modified by La species.
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