由于具有很大的吸附容量,多孔炭材料是优良的吸附剂.笔者试图比较海枣核分别经CO2活化和磷酸活化所制活性炭的结构和吸附性能.活化过程和工艺条件对炭的物理化学性质影响较大,根据文献报道的结果选取了优化的工艺参数.基于氮气吸附等温线、SEM、FT-IR等分析结果,评估了活性炭的结构特征,吸附性能则由亚甲蓝吸附值表示.CO2活化得到了微孔活性炭,产率为44％、BET比表面积是666 m2·g-1；磷酸活化得到了产率为14.8％的中孔活性炭,BET比表面积为725 m2· g-1.CO2活化活性炭的平均孔径是1.51 nm,磷酸活化活性炭的则为2.91 nm.活性炭的亚甲蓝吸附等温线分别用Langmuir等温线和Freundlich等温线进行了验证,在优化工艺条件下制备的CO2活化炭和磷酸活化炭的亚甲蓝w单分子吸附容量分别为110 mg·g-1和345 mg·g-1.然而,磷酸活化产生的亚甲蓝吸附值最高达455 mg·g-1.
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