以嵌段共聚物为前驱体,通过直接热解聚丙烯腈嵌段苯乙烯( PAN-b-PS-b-PAN)制备新型纳米多孔炭材料。炭材料制备依赖于嵌段共聚物分子的设计,而分子量可控、分布范围较窄的嵌段共聚物则通过可逆加成链转移( RAFT)聚合方法合成。所制炭材料不仅具有较高的比表面积(950 m2·g-1),且在2~4 nm的介孔范围内孔径得到良好的控制。此外,作为电极材料在2 mol/L KOH电解液中表现出高的比容量(185 F·g-1,电流密度为0.625 A·g-1),且显示较好的循环寿命,经10000次循环后,能够保持初始比容量的97.5%。通过不同分子量聚合物的设计,制备结构新颖的多孔炭材料,可应用于高性能超级电容器。
Novel mesoporous carbons were prepared by the simple pyrolysis of block-copolymers, polyacrylonitrile-b-polystyrene-b-polyacrylonitrile ( PAN-b-PS-b-PAN) , in which PAN generates a carbon network and PS is released to form mesopores after py-rolysis. The block-copolymers were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer ( RAFT) polymerization and the molecular weight of each polymer block can be designed to tailor the porous structure of the mesoporous carbons. The carbons have high specific surface areas and a well-controlled mesopore size. The best mesoporous carbon has a high specific capacitance of 185 F ·g-1 at 0. 625 A·g-1 with a high power capability and a remarkable cycle stability in 2 mol/L KOH aqueous electrolyte.
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