实验测量了0.75 MeV的O5+离子穿过一定长度不同原子数密度H2靶后的电荷态分布；理论模拟了出射离子的平均电荷态以及达到平衡后的平均电荷态，得到了与实验吻合较好的结果。研究表明，随着靶原子数密度的增大，离子在碰撞过程中俘获电子的几率随之增加，平均电荷态降低；当靶原子数密度达到或超过1014 cm-3，入射离子俘获电子和被碰撞电离的两个作用过程达到平衡，出射离子的平衡平均电荷态约为1.2。
Distribution of charge state for O5+ions penetrating the H2 gas targets with a certain length and different atomicity densities was measured. Both the average charge state and the equilibrium average charge state were calculated by a computer program, and that agrees well with the experimental data. The results indicate that the electron capture cross section is increased during the collisions, and the charge state is reduced with the increasing target atomicity density. When the atomicity density reaches the order of 1014 cm-3, there is balance between the electron capture and ionization of the incident ions, as a result, the projectile achieves the equilibrium average charge state of 1.2.
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