应用MCNPX程序,构建质子束轰击球床钨颗粒散裂靶的物理模型,模拟散裂靶泄露中子产额、能谱、通量轴向分布以及散裂靶沉积能分布.针对不同钨颗粒直径和体积填充率,研究了不同钨颗粒直径下体积填充率变化对球床散裂靶中子学特性的影响.模拟结果表明,钨颗粒体积填充率增加,散裂靶的最大沉积能密度减小.在1～20 mm的范围内,钨颗粒的直径越小,散裂靶泄漏中子产额越大,散裂靶泄漏中子产额随钨颗粒体积填充率变化的波动越小,有利于维持CIADS系统反应堆功率稳定.
The physical model of the high-energy proton bombarding the tungsten pebble bed spallation target is simulated by the MCNPX program. The effect of the filling rate on the neutronic characteristics with different particle diameters is studied, by calculating the leakage neutron yield, leakage neutron spectrum axial neutron flux distribution and the energy deposition of the target. The result shows that when the diameter increases from 1 to 20 mm,the maximum deposited energy density decreases in the target, but the leakage neutron yield increases. When the filling rate reaches 74%, leakage neutron yields are almost the same value with different particle diameters. When the target is piled up with 1 mm tungsten particles, neutron leakage yield changes smaller with the variation of the filling rate than the other diameter particles which is beneficial to maintain the reactor power stability in ADS.
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