烧蚀角度对C/C复合材料的耐烧蚀性能有显著的影响,采用自主研发的氧-煤油烧蚀实验系统对轴棒法编织的三维四向C/C复合材料进行烧蚀/侵蚀实验,实验的典型角度分别为90°,60°,45°,侵蚀时的粒子浓度为1.37%.测算试样的宏观烧蚀率,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了试样烧蚀后的微观形貌.分析了角度对C/C复合材料烧蚀行为的影响规律,并探讨其烧蚀机理.结果表明:不加粒子进行烧蚀实验时,烧蚀角度90°,60°,45°对应的试样质量烧蚀率分别为0.146,0.123,0.100g/s,随烧蚀角度的减小,质量烧蚀率加速降低;加粒子进行侵蚀实验时,烧蚀角度90°,60°,45°对应的试样质量烧蚀率分别为0.452,0.455,0.432g/s,线烧蚀率分别为1.863,1.323,0.843mm/s,随烧蚀角度的减小,质量烧蚀率基本不变,线烧蚀率逐渐降低.烧蚀角度越小,射流的冲刷作用越强,伴随热化学烧蚀的作用,导致烧蚀/侵蚀实验条件下,径向纤维的烧蚀梯度均增加;烧蚀实验条件下,轴向纤维束外沿的受冲刷区域变大.
There is a significant impact of ablation angle on the anti-ablation performance of C/C com-posites .A self-designed oxygen-kerosene ablation system was employed to study the ablation behavior and mechanism of C/C composites .Typical ablation angle of the experiment was 90° ,60° ,45° respec-tively ,and particle concentration of the gas-solid two-phase ablation flow was 1 .37% .The micro-structure of post-test samples was observed with the scanning electron microscope(SEM) ,and the ab-lation rate of samples was also calculated .The result shows that when the ablation angle is 90° ,60° , 45° ,the corresponding mass ablation rate for ablation experiment is 0 .146 ,0 .123 ,0 .100g/s respec-tively .With the decrease of ablation angle ,the mass ablation rate of samples is decreased gradually ;while for the samples affected by particle erosion , the corresponding mass ablation rate is 0 .452 , 0 .455 ,0 .432g/s and the line ablation rate is 1 .863 ,1 .323 ,0 .843mm/s .The mass ablation rate is approxi-mately unchanged and the line ablation rate is decreased .The smaller the ablation angle is ,the more serious the thermalchemical ablation of gas ,and thus increase the erosion area of axial fiber bundle under ablation condition and ablation gradient of radial fiber under ablation/erosion condition .
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