采用小角X射线散射(SAXS)方法研究了PAN纤维在炭化及石墨化过程中微孔缺陷结构随热处理温度的变化.由微孔结构散射形成的PAN基碳纤维SAXS散射花样经圆积分处理后为光滑曲线.使用一维散射曲线计算得到微孔结构均方回转半径、相对孔体积、孔隙率、比表面积结构参数随温度的变化规律.结果表明:随热处理温度提高PAN基碳纤维微孔结构变化分为三个阶段:400～700℃微孔体积变化(孔的融合)为主,形态变化为辅;700～1800℃微孔体积变化(孔的分裂与缩小)与形态变化(边缘复杂化)基本同步;而1800～2400℃微孔形态变化为主,体积变化为辅.
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