核电管道不锈钢中σ相的退火消除及脆性恢复

材料工程, 2016, 44(5): 29-36. doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2016.05.005

核电管道不锈钢中σ相的退火消除及脆性恢复

王永强 ^1, , 李娜 ^2, , 杨滨 ^3, , 孙立 ^4, , 林苏华 ^5,

1.安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽马鞍山,243002

2.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山,243002

3.北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室,北京,100083

4.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山,243002

5.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山,243002

基金项目: 安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1508085QE102) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51501001) 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA03A507)

关键词：铸造奥氏体不锈钢 , σ相 , 冲击韧性 , 退火 , 脆性恢复

Annealing Induced Removing of σ Phase and Recovery of Embrittlement in Stainless Steel Used for Nuclear Power Plant Pipes

Keywords： cast austenite stainless steel , σ phase , impact toughness , annealing , embrittlement recovery

在获得σ相析出显著恶化核电主管道铸造奥氏体不锈钢Z3CN20.09M冲击韧性的基础上,采用等温退火、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)等研究了消除σ相的热处理工艺及机理.结果表明:850～1000℃等温退火一定时间,d相可完全消除,此温度范围内发生σ→α转变,但退火温度越低,所需时间越长,反之越短.这是因为温度低,合金元素扩散速率低,相转变缓慢;而温度升高,合金元素扩散速率加快且相转变驱动力提高,σ相转变速率增加,转变时间缩短.综合考虑,950℃等温退火0.5h为最佳热处理工艺参数.经此工艺处理后,时效(含σ相)试样的力学性能得到完全恢复,σ相的脆化影响消除.

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