铁化学性质活泼,来源丰富,尤其纳米零价铁材料以其尺度小、表面效应大、吸附能力强等特点,近年来在重金属废水处理和土壤修复方面显示出了众多的优势,被看作一种有着广阔应用前景的新材料.但纳米零价铁因其易氧化、易团聚的特点,在实际应用中受到一定限制,因此一般利用表面修饰法对无机纳米颗粒的表面进行改性处理,通过改变颗粒表面物理化学性质,如表面能、组成、结构、官能团、光性、电性及吸附性能等,达到颗粒均匀稳定分散于体系中的目的.综述了目前纳米零价铁的改性研究进展,包括改性材料种类、改性方法、改性效果等,同时对改性纳米铁材料在应用中存在的问题和研究方向提出了建议.
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