气凝胶作为目前为止最轻的固体，具有极低的热导率，是一种较为理想的轻质、高效、最具潜力的隔热材料。但纯二氧化硅气凝胶的红外透明性影响了其高温隔热性能。介绍了红外遮光剂红外辐射抑制机理，综述了使用炭黑、TiO2和六钛酸钾晶须等作为红外遮光剂提高二氧化硅气凝胶隔热性能的研究进展，并对未来红外遮光剂在二氧化硅气凝胶中的应用做了展望。
As the lightest solid,aerogel,with much low thermal conductivity,is a potentially efficient heat in-sulation material with low bulk density.But the transparence of pure silica aerogel for infrared light affects its thermal insulation performance at high temperature.Herein,the modification mechanism of infrared opacifiers,the influences of infrared opacifiers,such as carbon black,TiO2 ,K2 Ti6 O1 3 whisker etc.,on heat insulation performance of aerogel are described.In addition,the prospective application of infrared opacifiers on silica aerogel is presented.
参考文献
| [1] | Zhao J J;Duan Y Y;Wang X D et al.Radiative properties and heat transfer characteristics of fiber-loaded silica aerogel composites for thermal insulation[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2012,55:5196. |
| [2] | Lu, G.;Wang, X.-D.;Duan, Y.-Y.;Li, X.-W. .Effects of non-ideal structures and high temperatures on the insulation properties of aerogel-based composite materials[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,2011(22/23):3822-3829. |
| [3] | Wang J;Kuhn J;Lu X .Monolithic silica aerogel insulation doped with TiO2 powder and ceramic fibers[J].JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS,1995,186:296. |
| [4] | Kuhn J;Gleissner T;Arduini-Schuster M C et al.Integra-tion of mineral powders into SiO2 aerogels[J].JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS,1995,186:291. |
| [5] | 冷映丽,沈晓冬,崔升,滕凯明.不同制备方法对TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶结构的影响[J].化工新型材料,2008(08):56-57,69. |
| [6] | Feng, JP;Chen, DP;Ni, W;Yang, SQ;Hu, ZJ .Study of IR absorption properties of fumed silica-opacifier composites[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,2010(9/10):480-483. |
| [7] | 刘伟;周怀春;杨昆.辐射介质传热[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009:1. |
| [8] | 杨淑勤 .红外遮光剂在绝热材料中的应用及其作用机理[D].北京科技大学,2008. |
| [9] | Palik E D.Handbook of optical constants of solids[M].Or-lando:Academic Press,1985 |
| [10] | 气凝胶-遮光剂复合材料中遮光剂的辐射特性[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2012(z1):181-189. |
| [11] | Lee D et al.Thermal characterization of carbon-opacified silica aerogels[J].JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS,1995,186:285. |
| [12] | Zeng S Q;Hunt A;Grief R .Theoretical modeling of carbon content to minimize heat transfer in silica aerogel[J].JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS,1995,186:271. |
| [13] | Wang, X.-D.;Sun, D.;Duan, Y.-Y.;Hu, Z.-J..Radiative characteristics of opacifier-loaded silica aerogel composites[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,2013:31-39. |
| [14] | Zhao J J et al.Optical and radiative properties of infrared opacifier particles loaded in silica aerogels for high tempera-ture thermal insulatin[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2013,70:54. |
| [15] | 周芝骏;宁崇德.钛的性质及其应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1993:49. |
| [16] | 王珏;周斌;沈军 等.轻质高效保温材料掺杂硅气凝胶[J].功能材料,1996,27(2):167. |
| [17] | Kion Y G;Choi S Y .Ambient-dried silica aerogel doped with TiO2 powder for thermal insulation[J].Journal of Materials Science,2000,35:6075. |
| [18] | Zhang, HX;Qiao, YJ;Zhang, XH;Fang, SQ .Structural and thermal study of highly porous nanocomposite SiO2-based aerogels[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids: A Journal Devoted to Oxide, Halide, Chalcogenide and Metallic Glasses, Amorphous Semiconductors, Non-Crystalline Films, Glass-Ceramics and Glassy Composites,2010(18/19):879-883. |
| [19] | Demei Yu;Jingshen Wu;Limin Zhou;Darong Xie;Songzheng Wu .The dielectric and mechanical properties of a potassium-titanate-whisker-reinforced PP/PA blend[J].Composites science and technology,2000(4):499-508. |
| [20] | Zhang H X;He X D;He F .Microstructure and physicochem-ical properties of ambient-dried SiO2 aerogels with K2 Ti6 O1 3 whisker additive[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,472:194. |
| [21] | 张贺新 .TiO2和六钛酸钾晶须掺杂SiO2干凝胶的制备及隔热性能研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2008. |
| [22] | 林本兰,崔升,沈晓冬,冷映丽,腾凯明,江国栋.六钛酸钾晶须掺杂改性气凝胶的结构和性能[J].南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）,2012(01):20-23. |
| [23] | 王小丹 .复合结构隔热材料的制备与性能研究[D].上海工程技术大学,2011. |
| [24] | Luo, R.;Ni, Y.;Li, J.;Yang, C.;Wang, S. .The mechanical and thermal insulating properties of resin-derived carbon foams reinforced by K_2Ti_6O_(13) whiskers[J].Materials Science & Engineering, A. Structural Materials: Properties, Misrostructure and Processing,2011(4/5):2023-2027. |
| [25] | Xie T;He Y L;Hu Z J .Theoretical study on thermal con-ductivities of silica aerogel composite insulating material[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2013,58:540. |
| [26] | 翟传伟;李壮贤 .一种气相 SiO2 纳米微孔绝热材料[P].CN,103043999 A,2013. |
| [27] | 封金鹏,陈德平,杨淑勤,倪文,胡子君.SiC作为纳米SiO2多孔绝热材料红外遮光剂的试验研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2009(01):38-40,48. |
| [28] | Wei T Y;Lu S Y;Chang Y C .A new class of opacified monolithic aerogels of ultralow high-temperature thermal conductives[J].Physical Chemistry,2009,113:7424. |
| [29] | 张大陆 .真空复合及超临界干燥技术制备硅酸钙复合纳米孔超级绝热材料[D].北京科技大学,2005. |
| [30] | 陈淑祥 .硅酸钙复合纳米孔超级绝热材料的实验制备[D].北京科技大学,2005. |
| [31] | 刘平;何凡;卫荣辉 .一种隔热材料及其制备方法[P].CN,101 696101A,2010. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%