为制备出适合农业使用的高吸水保水剂,以小麦秸秆(Wheat straw,WS)为原料,比较了NaOH/Urea、稀硫酸和氨水等溶解秸秆的方法,得到了溶解性较好的小麦秸秆匀相体系,通过向该溶解液中加入丙烯酰胺(Acrylic amide,AM)、丙烯酸(Acrylic acid,AA)和交联剂N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide,MBA),借助60Co γ射线,在室温条件下引发聚合体系的接枝共聚反应,制备出了耐盐型高吸水性树脂.采用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)对各种处理的秸秆及接枝共聚物进行了结构表征.结果表明,NaOH/Urea方法处理小麦秸秆得到的纤维素制备出的树脂其耐盐性和吸水性较稀硫酸和氨水处理得到的吸水性树脂有较大的提升.
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