气凝胶是经溶胶-凝胶过程结合一定的干燥方法制备得到的多孔纳米材料。聚合物气凝胶不仅具有聚合物材料的低介电常数、良好力学性能和灵活的分子设计性等特性，同时还具有无机气凝胶材料低密度、高孔隙率和低热导率等特点，被广泛应用于隔热、吸附和储能等领域。从合成、结构、性能和应用等方面介绍了聚氨酯（PU）、聚脲（PUA）、聚酰亚胺（PI）、聚苯并噁嗪（PBZ）和间规聚苯乙烯（sPS）类等常见聚合物气凝胶的研究进展，并对其未来的发展方向做出了展望。
Aerogels are the nanoporous materials consisting of hierarchical 3D assemblies of nanoparticles, which are derived from sol-gel process combined with drying methods.Recently,polymer aerogels have been consi-dered as a candidate material in various fields such as thermal insulation,adsorption,energy storage due to the unique characteristics,including ultra-low thermal conductivity,ultralight density,high porosity,low dielectric constant,ex-cellent mechanical behavior and flexible molecular designing.This paper gives a comprehensive review about the recent progresses in preparation,structures,properties and applications of some common varieties of polymer aerogels,in-cluding polyurethane (PU),polyurea (PUA),polyimide (PI),polybenzoxazine (PBZ)and syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)aerogels,as well as a brief prospect over the future research directions of this field.
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