瓜环作为第四代超分子主体，两端由羰基氧原子环绕而成，内部为疏水性的空腔，具有刚性结构，微溶于水，不溶于有机溶剂。能与瓜环组成配合物的荧光类客体种类较多，通过荧光光谱的变化可以检测出主-客体相互作用，这一特性拓展了瓜环在生物化学领域的应用，包括医药载体、核酸检测、分子识别、pH 探针等方面。未来研究中可以尝试以不同的发色母体取代不同的位点，这将为新型荧光试剂的设计与开发提供重要思路。
As the young supramolecular host compounds,cucurbiturils can be synthesized by the cyclization of different numbers of glycoluril,and have unique structure which is composed of a big hydrophobic cavity and carbonyl groups at the two ends.Cucurbiturils are slightly soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvent.The unique struc-ture enables cucurbiturils to accommodate a variety of of fluorescent guest compounds,and the host-guest interactions between the host and guest can be determined by the change of fluorescent spectrum,which greatly benefits cucurbi-turils′applications in research field of biochemistry,including drug carrier,nucleic acid detection,molecular recogni-tion,pH probe and so on.Future works can focus on the substitution of different fluorophores on different sites, which will provide an important idea for the design of new agents for fluorescent detection.
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