煤矸石是我国目前排放量最大的工业固体废弃物之一,但鲜见其活化以改善沥青性能的研究成果.采用动态剪切流变仪(DSR)、弯曲梁流变仪(BBR)和布氏粘度仪(BV)对活化煤矸石改性沥青胶浆的流变特性进行测试,分析了重复蠕变劲度的粘性部分Eμ和蠕变劲度模量S与粉胶比之间的关系,通过流变学手段及双直线简化模型,得到活化煤矸石改性沥青胶浆的合理粉胶比范围及最佳粉胶比;借助扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱试验仪(IR)对其作用机理进行分析.研究结果表明,确定出的活化煤矸石改性沥青胶浆粉胶比能较好地平衡沥青胶浆的高低温性能;活化煤矸石可有效改善沥青胶浆的温度敏感性,其改性沥青胶浆粘温特性的效果较矿粉更为显著;平均粒径小、比表面积大及表面多孔层状结构是主要原因.研究成果为拓宽固体废弃物煤矸石在沥青路面工程中的资源化利用途径提供了依据.
The coal gangue is one of the largest industrial solid waste emissions in our country.Up to now,there is few research results about coal gangue's activation in order to improve the performance of asphalt.In this article,dynamic shear rheological test (DSR),bending beam rheometer (BBR) and brook-field viscometer test (BV) were used to study the high and low temperature performance of asphalt mortar which was made of limestone slag and three types of activated coal gangue.The relationship between Eμ (viscous part of repeated creep stiffness) or S (creep stiffness) and filler-bitumen ratio was analyzed.Through rheological method and double linear simplified model,reasonable range and optimum point of filler-bitumen ratio of activated coal gangue modified asphalt were set forth.With the application of scanning electron microscope(SEM) and infrared-ray spectroscopy(IR),the reinforcing mechanism of coal gangue compound mineral fiber was researched.The results show that the identified filler-bitumen ratio of activated coal gangue modified asphalt mortar can balance the high and low temperature performance well.The activated coal gangue has better effect on the improvement of thermosensitivity of asphalt mortar than mineral powder due to its smaller mean grain size,bigger specific surface area and porous surface.The results will contribute to the resource utilization of abandoned coal in the asphalt pavement engineering.
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