采用直流磁控溅射的方法,在烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体表面制备了Dy薄膜,对比研究了N35烧结态与回火态磁体晶界扩散后组织形貌与性能的变化.N35烧结态与回火态磁体经溅射渗Dy处理后,在剩磁仅降低0.009 T和0.03T的情况下,矫顽力大幅度提高,分别提高了708.44 kA/m和665.46 kA/m,渗Dy处理后磁体中的Dy元素平均质量分数增加不超过0.4％.SEM和EDS能谱的分析结果表明,晶界组织形貌的改善和(Nd,Dy)2Fe14B外延层的形成是矫顽力提升的主要原因.EPMA元素面分布结果显示,Dy主要富集在富Nd相处,三叉型富Nd相处Dy含量最高,而Dy没有扩散到主相晶粒内部,不会导致剩磁大幅度降低,从而有效提高了磁体的综合磁性能.
The Dy films on the surface of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering.The microstructure and properties of N35 as-sintered state and tempered state magnets were compared after grain boundary diffusion.The coercivities of as-sintered and tempered state magnets increased drastically by 708.44 kA/m and 665.46 kA/m in the case of remanences decrease of only 0.009 T and 0.03 T respectively after sputtering Dy infiltration treatment.The increment of Dy contents in magnets did not exceed 0.4％ (the average mass fraction) after Dy infiltration process.The improvement of coercivity is attributed to the formation of grain boundary microstructure and (Nd,Dy)2 Fe14 B epitaxial layer via SEM and EDS analysis.The EPMA elemental surface distribution results show that Dy mainly enriches in Nd-rich phases.The concentration of Dy is the highest especially in the trigeminal type Nd-rich phases while Dy elements have not spread into the main phases.It will not significantly reduce remanence of the magnets so that the integrated magnetic properties are improved effectively.
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