聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)具有弹性多孔、泡孔结构可控、形状可调、制备工艺简单、稳定性高、吸附/脱附速率快、易于分离、易于实现在线分离富集和自动化操作等特点,非常适合用作吸附分离材料.近来PUF在富集/分离金属离子方面应用广泛,PUF本身就对金属离子具有一定的吸附能力,但吸附量较低、选择性较差.修饰后的PUF,如物理负载、化学改性和复合PUF,其吸附性能和选择性得到了较大的提高,可实现对水中不同金属离子的吸附分离.重点介绍了不同形式的PUF,包括空白、物理负载、化学改性和复合PUF的制备,及其作为吸附剂对水中金属离子的富集/分离方面的研究进展.
Polyurethane foam (PUF) has the characteristics of elastic porous structure,controllable pore structure,adjustable shape,simple preparation process,high stability and high adsorption/desorption rate;it is also easy to separate and realize on-line preconcentration and automation,which make it very suitable for use as adsorption materials.Recently,PUF has been widely used in preconcentration/removal of metal ions.Blank PUF has limited ability of absorbing metal ions and organic compounds,and it also suffered from the low adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.Whereas the modified PUF adsorbents such as physical loaded,chemically modified and composite PUF possess highly improved adsorption properties and selectivity which can realize the adsorption and separation of different metal ions from water.This paper reviews the preparation of different types of PUF including blank PUF,physical loaded PUF,chemically modified and composite PUF,and their application progress as adsorbents in preconcentration/removal of metal ions.
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