木质素是自然界中含量仅次于纤维素的天然有机高分子,它是以3种苯丙烷(芥子醇、松柏醇和香豆醇)为结构单元,通过C-C和C-O-C键连接形成的无定形网状大分子,是自然界唯一可再生的芳香类物质原料.木质素在生产大宗化学品和精细化学品方面有着巨大潜力.但是,木质素复杂的结构导致其难以高效、高选择性转化而被有效利用.近年来,有关木质素催化降解液化的研究成为一个备受关注的热点.概述了木质素催化降解液化的研究现状,基于溶液状态下木质素分子尺度和形态分析,设计与之匹配的负载酸和金属粒子的介孔催化剂,可实现木质素在有限孔道内催化降解以及抑制降解片段重聚,最后对其未来发展趋势进行了展望.
Lignin is the second abundant natural organic polymer,only second to cellulose,which is a complex three-dimensional amorphous polymer,consisting of three different monomer units (sinapyl,coniferyl,and p-coumaryl alcohols) linked with various C-C and C-O-C linkages.It is the richest source of renewable aromatic compounds on planet,and harbors great potential for the production of industrially relevant aromatic bulk and fine chemicals.However,its inherent complexity of chemical linkages makes it difficult to achieve selectivity in chemical transformations.In recent years,the research on catalytic degradation liquefaction of lignin has attracted more and more attention.In this paper,the advances in the field of catalytic degradation liquefaction of lignin are reviewed,and the mesoporous solid acid catalysts loaded with metal particles are put forward to be an efficient way for the degradation liquefaction of lignin.Based on the analysis of the size and morphology of lignin molecules in the solution,the matching mesoporous catalysts loaded with acid and metal particles are designed,which can realize the catalytic degradation of lignin in finite channels and restrain the repolymerization of the degradation fragments considerably.
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