以玉米淀粉为原料,盐酸为酸解剂,高碘酸钠为氧化剂,采用一步酸解氧化法合成双醛淀粉,经傅里叶变换红外光谱仪表征证明成功制得了双醛淀粉.研究了反应温度、反应时间、盐酸浓度和淀粉乳浓度对双醛淀粉醛基含量的影响,并利用X射线衍射仪和热重分析仪进行了表征.结果表明,双醛淀粉的醛基含量随着反应温度的升高和反应时间的延长而增大, 55 ℃和4 h后,酸解氧化趋于稳定.盐酸浓度和淀粉乳浓度过高会导致双醛淀粉的醛基含量下降,分别以0.6 mol/L和8%为宜.X射线衍射仪分析表明,随着盐酸浓度的增加,双醛淀粉的结晶度升高;热重分析仪分析表明,结晶度高的双醛淀粉热分解残余量也更多,而热分解初始温度随着盐酸浓度增加而降低.
Dialdehyde starch was synthesized by the one-step of acid hydrolysis and oxidation, taking corn starch as raw material, hydrochloric acid as acid agent and sodium periodate as oxidant.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of the dialdehyde starch.The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, concentration of hydrochloric acid and starch emulsion concentration on aldehyde group content of dialdehyde starch was studied.And then the X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric were used for characterization.The results showed that the aldehyde group content increased with the increase of reaction temperature and reaction time.When the temperature reached 50 ℃ and the time up to 4 h, the acid hydrolysis oxidation tended to be stable.High concentration of hydrochloric acid and starch would lead to the decline of aldehyde content, and the suitable concentration is 0.6 mol/L and 8% of hydrochloric acid and starch, respectively.X-ray diffraction analysis showed that with the increase of hydrochloric acid concentration, the crystallinity of the dialdehyde starch increased.Thermal gravimetric analysis showed a larger residual amount of thermal decomposition of the dialdehyde starch which possess a relatively higher crystallinity, and the initial temperature of thermal decomposition decreased with the increase of hydrochloric acid concentration.
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