采用激光刻蚀技术在5083船用铝合金表面分别构建出深度为15和30 μm的圆台形凹坑织构,利用涂覆SiO2和低表面能修饰改变表面润湿性,制备超疏水且疏油的双疏表面。采用HSR-2M高速往复摩擦试验机测试其在水、海水和油介质中的摩擦学性能。结果表明,凹坑深度为30 μm的表面的双疏性能强于凹坑深度15 μm的表面,摩擦学性能也更优。与单纯的织构表面相比,将织构和化学组分相结合的双疏表面可以更加显著地提高摩擦学性能。双疏表面在油介质中的摩擦系数和磨损量最小,在海水中的摩擦系数小于在水中,磨损量大于在水中。仿真计算结果表明,随着圆台形凹坑深度的增大,润滑膜承载力先增大后减小。当凹坑深度为75 μm时润滑膜承载力最大。研究结果表明,双疏表面可以显著提高铝合金在润滑介质中的摩擦学性能。
Notable properties of aluminum alloy such as high strength-to-weight ratio, easy to be recycled and good welding properties lead to a wide range of applications in marine industry. However, in addition to many advantages, there are also a lot obvious shortcomings in tribological properties. Especially, the passive state film of aluminum alloy could be destroyed by the Cl- in seawater and harsh marine environment, which can erode into the defects and then aggravate the friction behavior, and limit the use of aluminum alloy in the field of marine engineering. In recent years, the super-hydrophobic surfaces are gaining a wide application prospects in the field of marine engineering due to their properties of drag reduction, anti-adhesion and anti-corrosion abilities. In order to improve the tribological properties of aluminum alloy, the amphiphobic aluminum alloy surface is constructed through building dimple of cone frustum texture with depths of 15 and 30 μm on the surface of 5083 warship aluminum alloy by laser processing and changing the surface wettability by coating the nano-SiO2 powders and low surface energy modification. And the tribological performance was examined by high speed reciprocating friction test machine (HSR-2M) in the water/seawater/oil lubrication respectively. The test results show that the surface with dimple depth of 30 μm has stronger amphiphobic performance and tribological performance than that of 15 μm. Compared with the simple texture surface, the amphiphobic surface with both texture and chemical composition can improve the tribological performance significantly. The friction coefficient and the wear loss of amphiphobic surface are minimal in oil. The friction coefficient of amphiphobic surface in seawater is smaller than that in water while the wear loss of the former is bigger. The simulation results showed that the carrying capacity of the lubricating film increases first and then decreases as the increment of the dimple depth. The carrying capacity of the lubricating film is the biggest when the depth of cone frustum was 75 μm. It can be concluded that the amphiphobic surface can significantly improve the tribological properties of aluminum alloy in different lubrications.
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