利用热模拟试验机、SEM、HRTEM及EDS研究了Ti-Mo和Ti-Mo-Nb低碳微合金钢的连续冷却转变规律,探讨了Nb对Ti-Mo微合金钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明：Nb元素能够提高钢的Ac1和Ac3温度,降低冷却过程中奥氏体的分解温度,缩小铁素体-珠光体相区,使贝氏体相区向左下方移动。此外,Nb的添加能够细化Ti-Mo-Nb微合金钢中的组织,提高硬度。利用HRTEM对冷速为50 ℃/s的样品进行分析,发现：Ti-Mo和Ti-Mo-Nb微合金钢中均存在少量应变诱导析出的碳化物,分别为(Ti, Mo)C和 (Ti, Nb, Mo)C粒子,呈随机分布。2种析出物均为NaCl型结构,其晶格常数分别为0.432和0.436 nm,平均粒径分别为12.11和8.69 nm。Ti-Mo-Nb微合金钢中析出相体积分数更多,尺寸更小,是其组织细化、硬度提高的主要原因。
In recent years, with the fast development of automotive industry, more and more attention has been focused on developing high strength automobile steels with excellent formability. The microalloying elements, such as Nb, Ti, Mo, which can facilitate grain refinement and precipitation hardening, were added into steels to achieve high strength and good formability. The Ti-Mo and Ti-Mo-Nb microalloyed high strength ferritic steel were developed. In this work, the continuous cooling transformation curves (CCT) of Ti-Mo and Ti-Mo-Nb steels were obtained. And the effect of Nb on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-Mo low carbon microalloyed steel was investigated by means of SEM, HRTEM and EDS. The results showed that Nb could raise the Ac1 and Ac3 temperatures, and restrain the ferrite-pearlite and bainite transformation. Moreover, Nb could also refine the microstructure and harden the matrix of steel which attributed to the strain-induced precipitation of nano-sized (Ti, Nb, Mo)C particles identified by HRTEM and EDS. It was also found that the strain-induced precipitation of (Ti, Mo)C was existed in the Ti-Mo steel. And both of (Ti, Mo)C and (Ti, Nb, Mo)C particles were NaCl type structure. The lattice constants/the average particle sizes of (Ti, Mo)C and (Ti, Nb, Mo)C were 0.432 nm and 0.436 nm / 12.11 nm and 8.69 nm, respectively.
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