研究了Co含量对熔体快淬Fe55-xCoxPt15B30 (x=0~45,原子分数,%)合金热处理前后的组织结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明,添加Co可提高Fe55-xCoxPt15B30合金的非晶形成能力,使x=15~45的快淬合金形成非晶态。经适当热处理后,合金中形成了由有序面心四方结构的永磁(Fe, Co)-Pt (L10)相和软磁(Fe, Co)2B相及(Fe, Co)B相组成的纳米复相组织,显示出永磁性;添加Co的合金组织得到明显细化,x=15~45合金平均晶粒尺寸均约为18 nm;其中x=15合金具有最佳的永磁性能,磁能积达到94.4 kJ/m3。合金的矫顽力随Co含量的增加而增大,在x=30时达到最大值413.7 kA/m后,随Co含量的进一步增加而减小;这是由于不同Co含量使L10相的c/a值发生变化而导致其磁晶各向异性变化的结果。
Fe-Pt-B nanocomposite magnets have attracted much attention because of their excellent hard magnetic properties, in which the face-centered-tetragonal FePt (L10) phase ensures high coercivity (iHc) and the Fe2B phase provides high magnetic saturation. A high iHc, however, is hard to reach at low Pt concentrations in these nanocomposite magnets. It is known that a high concentration of B favors the formation of L10 phase in Fe-Pt-B alloys with low Pt concentration, but the annealed microstructure is usually coarse-grained due to their low amorphous-forming abilities, and the magnetic properties get deteriorated. Replacement of Fe with Co is expected to enhance the amorphous-forming ability of Fe-Pt-B alloys with low Pt and high B concentrations, and to improve their magnetic properties. In this work, the structure and magnetic properties of as-quenched and annealed Fe55-xCoxPt15B30 (x=0~45, atomic fraction, %) alloys have been investigated. Melt-spun ribbons were prepared by melt spinning, followed by vacuum annealing at different temperatures. The structure and magnetic properties of the samples were examined by XRD, TEM and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicate that single amorphous phase is formed in the alloys at x=15~45. After appropriate annealing, a nanocomposite structure consisting of L10 and (Fe, Co)2B phases is obtained at x=0 and 15, and an additional (Fe, Co)B phase gets formed at x=30 and 45. A fine microstructure with mean grain size of ~18 nm has been obtained in the annealed alloys with x=15~45. In these nanocomposite alloys, the best hard magnetic property with an energy product of 94.4 kJ/m3 is reached at x=15. With increasing Co content, the iHc gradually increases to a maximum value of 413.7 kA/m at x=30, and then decreases at higher Co contents, which are attributed to the change of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in L10 phases with different c/a ratios.
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