进入21世纪,医用金属材料正在发生变革。以可降解金属、纳米晶金属、大块非晶合金为代表的新型医用金属材料被尝试作为植入材料,材料属性正在从生物惰性向生物活性和生物功能化(抗菌、抗增生、抗肿瘤)方向发展,同时3D打印技术和薄膜技术也在被尝试用于金属植入器械的先进制造以及智能化。本文综合评述了处于变革中的医用金属材料研究现状,展望了新型医用金属材料功能化、复合化、智能化的未来发展趋势。
Entering 21st century, the metallic biomaterials are revolutionizing. New kinds of metallic biomaterials represented by biodegradable metals, nacocrystalline metals and alloys, and bulk metallic glasses, had been explored as implantable biomaterials, and correspondingly the nature of metallic biomaterials are shifting from the bio-inert (with stainless steel, Co-based alloys and Ti alloys) to bio-active and multi-biofunctional (anti-bacterial, anti-proliferation, anti-cancer, etc.). The newly-emerging 3D printing technology and thin film technology had been applied to the advancing manufacture and intelligence of the medical devices made of metallic biomaterials. In this paper, the current research status of the revolutionizing metallic biomaterials had been reviewed, and the future research and development tendencies for newly-developed metallic biomaterials towards bio-functionalization, composite and intelligence are also proposed.
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