采用计时电流法沉积纳米MnO2电极材料,利用Scharifker-Hills成核理论模型分析时间-电流(i-t)曲线判断了MnO2成核机理.对3种不同的成核方式制得的MnO2材料进行电化学超级电容性能测试、用SEM观察了其微观形貌.比较了不同沉积方法对沉积材料结构、电容性能的影响.计时电流测试发现,在0.1 mol/L Mn2+溶液中,电势阶跃至0.365 V,初始成核符合瞬时成核机理,在0.01 mol/L Mn2+溶液中,电势阶跃至0.418 V,初始成核存在瞬时成核和连续成核两种不同机理,在0.5 mmol/L Mn2+溶液中,电势阶跃至0.515 V,初始成核则符合连续成核机理.超级电容性能测试发现,瞬时成核下制得的MnO2电极材料相对于另外两种成核方式得到的电极材料具有更好的电容性能,这是因为瞬时成核更易于形成多孔、纳米片(棒)状等高比表面积的沉积物,表明制备方法影响MnO2电极材料电容性能.
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