以芦丁(RT)-槲皮素(QT)为混合模板分子制备了芦丁-槲皮素复合模板分子印迹聚合物.优化了制备条件,研究了模板用量比、功能单体及交联剂用量对印迹聚合物吸附性能的影响.用傅里叶红外光谱和扫描电镜对分子印迹聚合物进行结构表征.探讨了分子印迹聚合物的吸附动力学、等温吸附及键合位点特征,考察了其选择识别性能,并以分子印迹聚合物为吸附介质,萃取分离芦丁粗提液中的目标化合物.结果表明,当槲皮素与芦丁的摩尔比为3:2,且模板总量与功能单体及交联剂用量摩尔比为1:8:10时,所得分子印迹聚合物的吸附性能最好,对槲皮素和芦丁的吸附量分别达47.86和60.97 mg/g.吸附可在3.5h内达到平衡,显示了较快的吸附动力学.Scatchard分析表明,分子印迹聚合物基体中存在四类不同性能的键合位点,分别为芦丁和槲皮素的高亲和键合位点及非选择键合位点.相对分布系数(k =Kd(RT)/Kd(QT),Kd=qe/ρe,Kd为分布系数,qe为平衡吸附量,ρe为平衡质量浓度)大于1,表明了分子印迹聚合物对芦丁具有更高的选择键合作用,当模拟混合物中芦丁和槲皮素浓度分别为0.07和0.03 mmol/L时,相对分布系数和分离因子(o=qe(RT)/ge(QT))分别达6.669和25.02.另外,以乙腈、甲醇及甲醇-醋酸混合物依次为洗脱剂,通过分子印迹固相萃取可从槐米提取物中分离芦丁和槲皮素两种黄酮类化合物,总回收率分别为96.70％和94.67％.
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