粉煤灰(CFA)存在的情况下,采用自由基溶液聚合法,以过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NNMBA)为交联剂,制备了粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶(CFAPAANa).以丙烯酸单体质量为基准,当交联剂用量为0.08％,引发剂用量为0.4％,粉煤灰用量为3％,丙烯酸中和度为70％,聚合温度为70℃时,所合成的粉煤灰复合聚丙烯酸钠凝胶在蒸馏水和生理盐水中平衡溶胀比最高,分别为1556 (g/g)和168(g/g).考察了复合凝胶在不同介质溶液中的溶胀动力学,保水性能以及在土壤中的降解行为.溶胀动力学研究表明,蒸馏水中溶胀初期复合凝胶聚合物链段的扩散运动能够调控凝胶溶胀的快慢及程度,而生理盐水中水分子的平移和对流运动在凝胶的溶胀过程中起着关键性作用.保水和降解实验结果表明,25℃时,50 h凝胶保水率为64％,土壤中50 d时降解率达60％.相比于聚丙烯酸钠凝胶,粉煤灰复合凝胶保水率提高了8％.
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