以固体废弃物地铁盾构渣土、稻草秸秆和氧化镁为主要原料,通过烧结法制备了一种盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒.考察了陶粒吸附磷的主要影响因素及平衡吸附量,并采用模型对实验数据进行拟合分析.结果表明,当盾构渣土、稻草秸秆粉末和氧化镁质量比为7∶2∶1,在最佳烧结条件700℃烧结可得到除磷性能最佳的陶粒.当吸附pH =6.3时,陶粒具有较高的磷吸附性能.吸附在12 h内基本能达到吸附平衡,该过程适合准二级动力学方程.盾构渣土基碳复合陶粒对磷酸盐的吸附符合Temkin等温模型,随温度升高吸附量逐渐增大,40℃下最大吸附量为12.76 mg/g.热力学参数△H=5.64 kJ/mol＞0,△S =8.00 J/(K·mol) ＞0,△G=3.16 kJ/mol＞0,呈吸热、非自发的热力学特征,陶粒吸附磷后可通过2.0 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液重新解吸回收.
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