采用水相合成法,在低温N2气保护条件下,以巯基化聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基体材料合成一种环境友好型PVA/CdS量子点纳米复合物,并通过红外光谱(IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重(TG)、荧光光谱(PL)和紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)等技术手段对复合物进行结构表征和光学性能研究.测试结果表明,复合物中CdS量子点为立方晶型结构,形状为球形,粒径小于5 nm,具有很好的稳定性、分散性及发光性质.此外,Cu2对PVA/CdS水溶液荧光具有良好的猝灭作用,其荧光猝灭程度与Cu2+浓度在1～1000 nmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9923,方法检出限为0.12 nmol/L.该纳米复合物荧光分析方法简便快速、灵敏度高、检出限低,已应用于实际黄河水样中痕量Cu2+的分析与检测.
A high quality PVA/CdS QDs nanocomposites modified by thiol-functionalized polyvinylalcohol (PVA) was prepared by aqueous synthetic approaches at low temperature.The samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR),X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM),thermogravimetric analysis (TG),photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis).The results show that CdS QDs in the nanocomposites are spherical particles with a cubic crystal structure and a diameter size of about 5 nm.PVA/CdS nanocomposites have good stability,high dispersibility and excellent luminescence properties.Meanwhile,the fluorescent responses of as-prepared PVA/CdS to different metal ions were studied.Based on the fluorescence quenching behavior of PVA/CdS quantum dots,we established a method for the fluorescent detection of Cu2+.When the concentration of Cu2 + is in the range of 1 ～ 1000 nmol/L,the fluorescence intensity linearly decreases with the increase of Cu2+ concentration.The linear correlation coefficient is 0.9923 and the detection limit reaches 0.12 nmol/L.The method provides high sensitivity,simplicity of operation and low detection limit,and is successfully applied to the determination of trace copper in the Yellow River samples.
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