在钢铁生产过程中，消耗的煤炭大约34%会转化为副产煤气。为了提高副产煤气能源利用率，以钢铁企业副产煤气系统为研究对象，利用混合整数线性规划法（mixed integer linear programming，MILP），以操作成本最小化为目标函数，以物料平衡、能量平衡、设备操作参数限制等为约束条件建立富余煤气优化调度模型。与前人的模型相比，对锅炉模型进行改进，不仅提高锅炉模型的调节精度，而且更接近实际情况。此外，为了研究煤气柜和锅炉稳定性，引入煤气柜总标准偏移量（sum of standard deviation volume，SSDV）惩罚因子和锅炉总改变量（sum of switching percentage，SSP）惩罚因子，并用帕雷托最优法理论确定出最佳的SSDV 和SSP。结果表明，新的优化模型能很好地降低煤气柜和锅炉的波动，维持煤气系统的平稳运行。
In iron and steel production,around 34%of the coal energy is converted into byproduct gases. In order to im-prove the energy efficiency of byproduct gas,the current study proposed an improved mixed integer linear programming (MILP)model which treated the minimum of operation cost as the objective function and regarded the mass balance, the energy and the operation parameters as the constraint conditions,to optimize byproduct gas distribution in a steel plant in China. Compared with previous models,this model improved the adjustment accuracy of the boiler model which would reflect the real operation better. Since the most important thing in the byproduct gas scheduling is to sustain the stability of the whole system,the current study defined the sum of standard deviation volume(SSDV)and sum of switching percentage(SSP)to evaluate the stability of gasholders and boilers,and Pareto optimality was applied to se-lect reasonable penalty factors. Calculation results demonstrate that compared with manual operation,the planning of the optimal distribution of byproduct gases proposed in this study can reduce the fluctuation of the gasholders and the load of the boilers to make the operation of the byproduct gas system safe and stable.
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