湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣是湿法炼锌工艺中常见的固体废物,且均为我国禁止进口的固体废物。这两种固体废物中锌含量较高,常冒充锌精矿向我国进口。因此实验针对湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣进行鉴别,首先利用X射线荧光光谱仪( XRF)对制得粉末样品中的元素进行分析,结果表明,湿法炼锌浸出渣的主要元素为Fe、Zn,黄钾铁矾渣的主要元素为Fe、S、Zn,且湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣中均含有As、Cd、Ga、In、Ag等元素。再利用X射线衍射仪( XRD)对粉末样品中存在的物相进行分析,湿法炼锌浸出渣的主要物相为Zn-Fe2O4,并含有少量 PbSO4、Zn2SiO4、ZnS,黄钾铁矾渣的主要物相为KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6、Zn-Fe2 O4、Zn2 SiO4。实验建立的湿法炼锌浸出渣和黄钾铁矾渣的鉴别方法为进口固体废物的监管提供了技术支持。
Leaching residue of zinc hydrometallurgy and jarosite residue were the common solid wastes in zinc hy-drometallurgy process, which were prohibited for import in China. The content of zinc in these two solid wastes was relatively high, so they were usually pretended to be zinc concentrate for import to China. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the leaching residue of zinc hydrometallurgy and jarosite residue. Firstly, the elements in obtained pow-dered sample were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer ( XRF) . It was found that the elements in leaching residue of zinc hydrometallurgy mainly included Fe and Zn, while the main elements in jarosite residue were Fe, S and Zn. Moreover, both the two solid wastes contained As, Cd, Ga, In and Ag. Secondly, the phases in powdered sample were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer ( XRD) . The results showed that the main phase in leaching residue of zinc hydrometallurgy was ZnFe2 O4 with little PbSO4 , Zn2 SiO4 and ZnS, while jarosite residue mainly contained KFe3 (SO4)2(OH)6, ZnFe2O4 and Zn2SiO4. The method for identification of leaching residue of zinc hydrometallurgy and jarosite residue was established, which provided technical support for the supervision of imported solid wastes.
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