针对复合材料层间增强的需求,提出了一种三维织造层间增强的纤维棒复合材料几何结构,建立了0°/90°、45°/135°及0°/90°/45°/135°3种织造方案下的复合材料单胞有限元模型,该模型能较为真实地反映织造物内纤维束与纤维棒的交织特征.通过施加周期性位移边界条件,利用该模型采用有限元方法得到了3种织造方案下复合材料的等效弹性性能参数,讨论了复合材料弹性性能与织造方案和纱线填充因子的关系,分析了在单向拉伸载荷下3种织造方案单胞的细观应力场分布,制作了实体模型,进行了相关实验.结果表明:单胞有限元模型的模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,织造复合材料各弹性常数对纱线填充因子变化的敏感度不同,不同织造方案的复合材料具有不同的力学性能特征,其主要影响因素为纤维束在复合材料内部的排列方式.给出了3种织造模型单胞的应力场分布,为三维织造层间增强的纤维棒复合材料的结构优化提供了依据.
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