利用超临界乙醇修饰纳米Al2O3,得SCE-Al2O3,使其表面沉积活性基团;以4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BMI)为基体、3,3'-二烯丙基双酚A(BBA)和双酚A双烯丙基醚(BBE)为活性稀释剂、聚醚砜(PES)为增韧剂、SCE-Al2O3为改性剂,通过原位聚合法合成了SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBA-BBE复合材料.采用SEM和FTIR观察分析了SCE-Al2O3纳米粒子和PES的增韧机制.结果表明:SCE-Al2O3纳米粒子处理时间不宜过长,5 min为宜;FTIR显示在3 457 cm-1附近的-OH吸收峰增强,说明粒子表面沉积了活性基团-OH;PES与BMI-BBA-BBE呈现两相结构,PES树脂以“蜂窝”状均匀分散在聚合物基体BMI-BBA-BBE中,PES用量增加会使其粒子尺寸增大,适宜用量为5wt%.SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBA-BBE复合材料的耐热性能测试结果显示:PES树脂会使材料的热分解温度降低,但SCE-Al2O3会提高材料的耐热性能,4wt% SCE-Al2O3/PES-BMI-BBA-BBE的热分解温度为444.41℃,较基体树脂提高了20.52℃,600℃时残重率为47.64%,提高了7.09%.
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