研究了不同层数超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维/环氧树脂纬平针织复合材料的冲击性能,并讨论了其冲击损伤模式.复合材料板分别为4、6、8层纬平针织结构,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)工艺层合而成,以不同的冲击能量(10～55 J)冲击复合材料板直至层合板被穿透,得到冲击能量与吸收能量关系图以及接触力-挠度曲线.分析了不同冲击能量下,复合材料中织物的损伤形式和破坏过程.研究结果表明:在3种针织结构复合材料中,8层纬平针织结构承受载荷的能力最强,6层纬平针织结构次之,4层纬平针织结构最差;随着冲击能量的增加,3种试样的冲击挠度均增大;基体开裂、纤维断裂是试样被渗透时有效的损伤模式,基体和纤维断裂是试样被穿孔时有效的损伤模式.
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