蒙脱土/聚丙烯复合材料结晶形态及耐电树枝化特性

复合材料学报, 2015, 32(1): 76-84. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.201501.003

蒙脱土/聚丙烯复合材料结晶形态及耐电树枝化特性

迟晓红 ^1, , 俞利 ^2, , 郑杰 ^3, , 高俊国 ^4, , 张晓虹 ^5,

1.哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨,150080

2.西南电子设备研究所,成都,610036

3.江西省电力公司检修分公司,南昌,330000

4.哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨,150080

5.哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨,150080

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51077029) 黑龙江省研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2012-080HLJ)

关键词：蒙脱土 , 聚丙烯 , 复合材料 , 二步熔融插层法 , 结晶形态 , 等温结晶过程 , 耐电树枝化特性

Crystallization morphology and electrical tree resistance characteristics of montmorillonite/polypropylene composites

Keywords： montmorillonite , polypropylene , composites , two-step melting intercalation process , crystallization morphology , isothermal crystallization process , property of electrical tree resistance

为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的耐电树枝性能,以有机化蒙脱土(MMT)作为纳米填充相,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)作为相容剂,采用熔融插层一步法和二步法制备了MMT/PP复合材料.分别利用偏光显微镜(PLM)及差示扫描量热(DSC)曲线观测了PP及MMT/PP复合材料的结晶形态及结晶过程,采用SEM考察了MMT在复合材料中的分散状态.通过电树枝引发实验,探究了制备方法及结晶形态对复合材料耐电树枝化性能的影响.实验结果表明:采用熔融插层二步法制备的MMT/PP复合材料,其无机相分散较均匀,结晶尺寸减小,结晶结构由球晶转变为片晶的堆叠,结晶度提高了约2.7％;在PP试样中,电树枝长度较长且分枝较少,而MMT/PP试样中电树枝转变为长度较小且分枝较多的稠密结构.

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