采用自制的2种大层间距(层间距分别为6.72 nm和8.66 nm)的聚醚铵(POP)改性蒙脱土(MMT) O-MMT1和O-MMT2,通过共混法与增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)或聚丙烯(PP)复合,考察了共混方法、共混时间、POP改性MMT的层间距及PP-g-MAH对MMT/PP-g-MAH和MMT/PP复合材料微观结构的影响.研究结果表明:由于O-MMT1具有较大的层间距,在溶液共混和熔融共混中,均能使MMT在PP-g-MAH基体中发生剥离;随着共混时间延长,O-MMT1由插层型经过过渡状态向剥离型转变,最终可以获得完全剥离的纳米MMT/PP-g-MAH复合材料;在溶液共混的过渡态中存在大量“双层结构”的MMT片层;具有更大层间距的O-MMT2以及PP-g-MAH的加入均能更有效地促进MMT在PP基体中的剥离,从而获得完全剥离的纳米MMT/PP复合材料.
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