采用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)方法在Al基体中添加微米级Ni粉及(Ni+ La2O3)混合粉末,制备Ni/Al及(Ni+ La2O3)/Al复合材料.采用SEM、EDS及XRD对复合区微观结构及相组成进行分析,采用室温拉伸试验对Ni/Al、(Ni+La2O3)/Al复合材料力学性能进行了测试.结果表明:Ni/Al复合材料中主要成分为Al、Al3Ni和Ni粉团聚物,Ni粉团聚物尺寸粗大,形貌呈壳-核结构,核为团聚的Ni,壳为Al3Ni增强相层;La2O3对Al-Ni原位反应有较大影响,能够强化Al-Ni原位反应,生成更多增强相;La2O3阻碍了Ni粉的相互吸附和聚拢行为,从而减少了团聚现象;(Ni+ La2O3)/Al复合材料的抗拉强度可以达到186 MPa,与Al基体(抗拉强度72 MPa)、纯Al FSP(抗拉强度90 MPa)、Ni/Al复合材料(抗拉强度144 MPa)相比,其抗拉强度分别提高了158％、107％、29％.
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