五水硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3·5H2O)相变储能材料具有较高的相变潜热、储能密度等,但Na2S2O3·5H2O存在过冷和相分离,性能较不稳定.添加成核剂K2 SO4、CaSO4·2H2O、Na4P2O7·10H20和强化传热材料膨胀石墨(EG)进行改性,制备得到性能稳定的EG/Na2S2O3·5H2O相变储能复合材料.测试结果显示:K2 SO4对Na2S2O3·5H2O的成核性较差,CaSO4·2H2O、Na4P2O7·10H2O均有较好的成核作用,可明显降低Na2S2O3·5H2O过冷度,但CaSO4·2H2O体系不稳定,添加3.0％质量分数的Na4P2O7·10H2O可使Na2S2O3·5H2O过冷度降低至1℃以内,0.5％～2.0％质量分数的EG可使其过冷度降低至2℃左右,7.0％质量分数的EG可完全消除体系的相分离.复合相变材料的较优组成为7.0％的EG、3.0％的Na4P2O7.10H2O和90.0％的Na2S2O3·5H2O.此时,EG/Na4P2O7·10H2O/Na2S2O3·5H2O复合材料相变潜热为192.5 kJ·kg-1,相变时无液态泄露,无相分离,储热时间比纯物质缩短22.3％,放热较快.
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