为解决烧结材料工作过程中形成的动压油膜易渗流进多孔基体进而导致润滑性能变差的问题,采用粉末冶金工艺制备了具有不同孔隙结构的复层烧结材料,以期实现高承载能力与良好润滑性能的统一.首先,基于Darcy定律建立了极坐标下该复层烧结材料的流体润滑模型,利用有限差分法进行数值模拟,考察了不同转速下表面Darcy流动对油膜润滑特性的影响;然后,在油润滑工况下进行端面摩擦试验,以验证模拟结果.结果表明:复层烧结材料的油膜润滑性能明显优于普通单层烧结材料,且在一定孔隙率范围内,随着表层孔隙率降低,复层烧结材料的润滑性能变得更好;计入表面Darcy流动时复层烧结材料的油膜润滑性能相对改善,改善效果随转速增加而渐趋显著;摩擦试验与数值分析所得结论具有较好的一致性.研究工作可为复层烧结材料的摩擦学性能分析与结构设计提供一定的理论基础.
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