通过建立的可压缩、非等温三维多相vOF模型研究了转炉射流与熔池作用过程的特征，阐明了吹炼过程射流-熔渣-钢水界面轮廓变化、揭示了液滴喷溅形成机理、定量分析了熔池喷溅速率.结果表明：顶吹过程具有明显的瞬态特征，形成的冲击坑有一定的震荡特性，这种不稳定性控制了金属液滴的产生和初始尺寸分布.金属液滴喷溅的形成有两种方式，一是大块金属带在冲击坑边缘破碎撕裂；二是单个液滴直接从冲击坑边缘的排出.这两种方式同时发生并共同导致了喷溅的产生.吹炼数和喷溅速率在冶炼过程中波动，是由凹坑震荡的本性决定的，本研究条件下吹炼数和喷溅速率的平均值为10和3.4 kg·m-3.
A compressible,non-isothermal and three-dimensional VOF model was developed to study the transport phenomena occurred during the interaction of the jets with the molten bath in a steelmaking BOF. Efforts were especially made to study the change of gas -slag -metal interface during blowing process,to reveal the formation mechanism and to quantify the rate of splashing droplet. The simulation results show that:The blowing process has an evidently unstable characteristic,and the cavities are choppy. This transient characteristics govern the generation of metal droplets and their initial spatiotemporal distribution. The splashing occurrence of droplet has two mechanisms:one is the tearing of metal sheet at the cavity edge,and the other is the direct ejectment of single droplet at the cavity edge. Blowing number fluctuates during process due to the oscillating nature of cavity,and an averaged value of 10. 0 for blowing number and 34. 4 kg·m-3 for the splashing rate are obtained under the present blowing condition.
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