采用电化学蚀刻方法在碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料(SiC/Al)表面构筑了微纳结构,重点分析了蚀刻电流密度和蚀刻时间等关键操作参数对所得表面微观形貌及润湿特性的影响.研究发现,较高电流密度(6 A/dm2)下刻蚀的SiC/Al复合材料表面可形成由微米级“粒状”结构和纳米级结构(颗粒状和波鳞状)复合而成的微-纳双层结构,且这种特殊结构不因后续刻蚀时间延长而改变;优化条件形成的SiC/Al复合材料刻蚀表面呈现出静态接触角高达160.7°、滚动角低至4°的超疏水特性.本研究结果说明SiC/Al复合材料可用于制备自清洁表面.
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