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以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作为分散剂,采用液相控制结晶-碳热还原法制备LiFePO4/C正极材料,考察了PAM对LiFePO4/C正极材料性能的影响,采用热化学分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、碳含量分析和充放电测试等分析测试手段对材料进行表征.结果表明,将PAM溶于酸液中且添加量为1.5wt%时制备的LiFePO4平均粒径约为100 nm,颗粒分散较为均匀;该材料在0.1C、1C、2C、5C和10C倍率下首次放电比容量分别为153.8、142.5、138.4、128.7和124.3mAh/g,1C倍率下循环100次后容量保持率仍在99%以上;交流阻抗分析表明:1.5wt%PAM改性后的材料的各种阻抗值均降低,锂离子的导电速率提高了28倍.PAM改性后的LiFePO4/C正极材料的离子及电子导电性提高了,具有优良的倍率性能与循环性能,有利于大规模推广应用.

参考文献

[1] Ansean, David;Gonzalez, Manuela;Garcia, Victor M.;Viera, Juan C.;Anton, Juan C.;Blanco, Cecilio.Evaluation of LiFePO4 Batteries for Electric Vehicle Applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,20152(2):1855-1863.
[2] Lin, Chunjing;Xu, Sichuan;Li, Zhao;Li, Bin;Chang, Guofeng;Liu, Jinling.Thermal analysis of large-capacity LiFePO4 power batteries for electric vehicles[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015Oct.30(Oct.30):633-642.
[3] Heubner, C.;Schneider, M.;Michaelis, A..Investigation of charge transfer kinetics of Li-Intercalation in LiFePO4[J].Journal of Power Sources,2015Aug.15(Aug.15):115-120.
[4] 王建梅;蔡飞鹏;杨改;王波;胡素琴.催化化学气相沉积法(CCVD)制备多孔LiFePO4/C复合材料的研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015(2):307-311.
[5] Omenya, Fredrick;Wen, Bohua;Fang, Jin;Zhang, Ruibo;Wang, Qi;Chernova, Natasha A.;Schneider-Haefner, Joe;Cosandey, Frederic;Whittingham, M. Stanley.Mg Substitution Clarifies the Reaction Mechanism of Olivine LiFePO4[J].Advanced energy materials,20157(7):1.
[6] Zheng, Zhenmiao;Pang, Wei Kong;Tang, Xincun;Jia, Dianzeng;Huang, Yudai;Guo, Zaiping.Solvothermal synthesis and electrochemical performance of hollow LiFePO4 nanoparticles[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Materials Science and Solid-state Chemistry and Physics,2015:95-100.
[7] Min Kim, J.;Yi, G.-R.;Chang Lee, S.;Moon Lee, S.;Jo, Y.;Kang, H.-W.;Lee, G.;Jin Kim, H..Surfactant-assisted synthesis of hybrid lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles for enhancing electrochemical performance[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2013:53-59.
[8] Di Lupo, F.;Meligrana, G.;Gerbaldi, C.;Bodoardo, S.;Penazzi, N..Surfactant-assisted mild solvothermal synthesis of nanostructured LiFePO4/C cathodes evidencing ultrafast rate capability[J].Electrochimica Acta,2015:188-198.
[9] 周鑫;赵新兵;余红明;胡洁梓.F掺杂LiFePO4/C的固相合成及电化学性能[J].无机材料学报,2008(3):587-591.
[10] 张冬云;张培新;林木崇;刘琨;袁秋华;许启明;罗仲宽;任祥忠.碳包覆LiFePO4的结构与性能研究[J].无机材料学报,2011(3):265-270.
[11] Yang, G.;Jiang, C.Y.;He, X.M.;Ying, J.R.;Gao, J.;Wan, C.R..Synthesis of size-controllable LiFePO _4/C cathode material by controlled crystallization[J].Journal of new materials for electrochemical systems,20122(2):75-78.
[12] 宋延华;张胜利;李维;李娟.PAM在锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4中的应用[J].电池,2011(1):8-10.
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