采用悬浮粒子法制备天然矿物纳米级陶瓷膜.压汞仪和扫描电镜的结果表明,所制备陶瓷膜的孔径在3～12 nm之间,厚度约30 μm.X射线衍射分析的结果说明,烧结过程发生了kaolinite相的转变;对比原料粉体与膜的红外光谱结果发现,烧结后,膜层内依然保留大量内羟基,且Al-O-Al键也得到增强;X-射线荧光光谱的结果显示,天然矿物以SiO2和Al2O3为主,从而推断原料应属于页硅酸盐.通过死端截留,得到膜的纯水通量为1 456 L/(m2·h·MPa),其对磷酸三钠(Na3PO4)具有良好的截留性能,随盐浓度的升高,截留率有所下降,但下降幅度减小.膜的动电性质表明,Na3PO4溶液中的膜表面具有负电势,其对磷酸盐的高截留率源于膜表面与PO43-的静电排斥作用.
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