减阻剂加注是一种重要的天然气管道增输技术，加注减阻剂克服了管道内涂层使用寿命短、易脱落、不可再次涂覆、无法应用于旧管道和施工复杂等缺点，可有效提高输送量，并能保证管线的安全运行。综述了天然气减阻剂的减阻机理及国内外关于减阻剂发展的技术现状，详细叙述了天然气管道实施减阻的原因、减阻剂的室内成膜性和稳定性评价以及环道评价测试装置和测试过程。依据合成方法，将减阻剂分为Mannich碱类、咪唑啉类、酰胺类、磷酸酯类和聚合物类，并分别对其进行了论述和举例。同时还指出了天然气减阻剂的适用范围，从减阻机理、分子结构设计、评价方法和现场应用技术等方面提出了目前研究中存在的问题，对于深入研究减阻剂减阻机理、合成、评价方法和在大口径管线的应用提出了一些建议。
Drag reducing agents ( DRAs) technology is an important technology in pipeline transportation for natural gas. DRAs can overcome the defects of undercoat, such as short service life, ease to fall off, unable to be re-coated, and not applicable to old pipeline, complex construction, and so on. DRAs can effectively improve the flow and meanwhile ensure the safe operation of the pipeline. In this paper, the current research status of the drag reducing agent technology for natural gas as well as the drag reducing mechanism was reviewed. The reasons for the drag reduction of natural gas pipeline, evaluation of indoor film forming and stability for DRAs, and device and procedure of loop testing were discussed in detail. According to the synthesis method, DRAs were classified as Mannich bases, imidazolines, amides, phosphates and polymers. And they were discussed and illustrated respec-tively, on the basis of classification. And the scope of application for DRAs was given and the existing problems in research were presented from the aspects of mechanism, design of molecular structure, evaluation methodology and technology of practical appli-cation. Some suggestions were given for drag reducing mechanism, synthesis, evaluation methodology of drag reducing agents and their application in large-diameter pipeline.
参考文献
| [1] | 张金岭;张秀杰;鲍旭晨;张志恒;杨晓琳.天然气减阻剂及其减阻机理的研究进展[J].油气储运,2010(7):481-486. |
| [2] | 徐吉展;王娜;刘丽;李鸿;叶天旭.天然气减阻剂减阻机理探讨[J].应用化工,2012(8):1417-1421. |
| [3] | 关中原.我国油气储运相关技术研究新进展[J].油气储运,2012(01):1-7. |
| [4] | 李国平;刘兵;鲍旭晨;李春漫;刘天佑.天然气管道的减阻与天然气减阻剂[J].油气储运,2008(3):15-21. |
| [5] | 叶天旭;王铭浩;李芳;张梦.天然气管输减阻剂的研究现状[J].应用化工,2010(1):104-106,126. |
| [6] | B. A. Jubran;Y. H. Zurigat;M. F. A. Goosen.Drag Reducing Agents In Multiphase Flow Pipelines: Recent Trends and Future Needs[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,200511/12(11/12):1403-1424. |
| [7] | Abdelsalam Al-Sarkhi.Drag reduction with polymers in gas-liquid/liquid-liquid flows in pipes: A literature review[J].Journal of natural gas science and engineering,20101(1):41-48. |
| [8] | 刘兵;崔涛;李国平;刘天佑;朱勇军;邢双友;刘春彦.油气管道减阻增输与高聚物应用[J].油气储运,2007(10):7-14. |
| [9] | F. Deflorian;L. Fedrizzi;S. Rossi;P. L. Bonora.Organic coating capacitance measurement by EIS: ideal and actual trends[J].Electrochimica Acta,199924(24):4243-4249. |
| [10] | De-Sheng Kong;Li-Jun Wan;Mei-Juan Han;Ge-Bo Pan;Sheng-Bin Lei;Chun-Li Bai;Shen-Hao Chen.Self-assembled monolayer of a Schiff base on Au(111) surface: electrochemistry and electrochemical STM study[J].Electrochimica Acta,20024(4):303-309. |
| [11] | Agnieszka Zebrowska;Pawel Krysinski;Zenon Lotowski.Electrochemical studies of blocking properties of solid supported tethered lipid membranes on gold[J].Bioelectrochemistry,20021/2(1/2):179-184. |
| [12] | Campuzano S;Pedrero M;Montemayor C;Fatas E;Pingarron JM.Characterization of alkanethiol-self-assembled monolayers-modified gold electrodes by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry: An International Journal Devoted to All Aspects of Electrode Kinetics, Interfacial Structure, Properties of Electrolytes, Colloid and Biological Electrochemistry,20061(1):112-121. |
| [13] | Patolsky F.;Katz E.;Willner I.;Zayats M..Precipitation of an insoluble product on enzyme monolayer electrodes for biosensor applications: Characterization by faradaic impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and microgravimetric quartz crystal microbalance analyses[J].Analytical chemistry,199915(15):3171-3180. |
| [14] | O. Olivares-Xometl;N.V. Likhanova;M.A. Dommguez-Aguilar;J.M. Hallen;L.S. Zamudio;E. Arce.Surface analysis of inhibitor films formed by imidazolines and amides on mild steel in an acidic environment[J].Applied Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Properties of Interfaces in Relation to the Synthesis and Behaviour of Materials,20066(6):2139-2152. |
| [15] | L. Zhao;H. K. Teng;Y. S. Yang;X. Tan.Corrosion inhibition approach of oil production systems in offshore oilfields[J].Materials and Corrosion,20049(9):684-688. |
| [16] | M.Natesan;T.Vasudevan.An overview: vapor phase corrosion inhibitors[J].Corrosion: The Journal of Science and Engineering,20002(2):144-155. |
| [17] | Xueyuan Zhang;Fengping Wang;Yufang He.Study of the inhibition mechanism of imidazoline amide on CO_@ corrosion of Armco iron[J].Corrosion Science,20018(8):1417-1431. |
| [18] | Liu XY;Chen SH;Ma HY;Liu GZ;Shen LX.Protection of iron corrosion by stearic acid and stearic imidazoline self-assembled monolayers[J].Applied Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Properties of Interfaces in Relation to the Synthesis and Behaviour of Materials,20062(2):814-820. |
| [19] | 鞠虹;李焰;崔海捷.嘧啶类缓蚀剂对酸性介质中奥氏体不锈钢的缓蚀量化构效影响研究[J].表面技术,2015(3):107-110,142. |
| [20] | 张大全;高立新;周国定;陆柱.苯并三唑和8-羟基喹啉对铜的缓蚀协同作用[J].物理化学学报,2002(1):74-78. |
| [21] | Kabalka GW;Zhou LL;Wang L;Pagni RM.A microwave-enhanced, solventless Mannich condensation of terminal alkynes and secondary amines with para-formaldehyde on cuprous iodide doped alumina[J].Tetrahedron,20065(5):857-867. |
| [22] | Jiang-jen Lin;Shiau-Feng Lin.Phase inversion of self-aggregating mannich amines with poly(oxyethylene) segments[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,20031(1):155-162. |
| [23] | Adsorption and inhibitive properties of some new Mannich bases of Isatin derivatives on corrosion of mild steel in acidic media[J].Corrosion Science: The Journal on Environmental Degradation of Materials and its Control,20104(4):1472. |
| [24] | Yogeeswari P;Sriram D;Kavya R;Tiwari S.Synthesis and in-vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of gatifloxacin Mannich bases.[J].Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy =: Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie,20059(9):501-510. |
| [25] | 王铭浩 .天然气管输减阻剂的开发与评价[D].中国石油大学(华东),2010. |
| [26] | 王甜甜;马士越;吴坤坤;王博;李谦定.SO2-4，PO3-4对曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响[J].表面技术,2015(9):102-107,115. |
| [27] | 赵宁 .天然气减阻剂的合成及雾化减阻性能测试装置的设计[D].山东大学,2007. |
| [28] | 鲍旭晨;张金岭;张秀杰;张志恒;李国平;常维纯.BIB天然气减阻剂研制与应用[J].油气储运,2010(2):113-117,126. |
| [29] | 邢文国 .天然气减阻剂的研制及其减阻性能的研究[D].山东大学,2010. |
| [30] | 刘然克;王立贤;刘智勇;杜翠薇;李晓刚.咪唑啉类缓蚀剂对P110钢在CO2注入井环空环境中应力腐蚀行为的影响[J].表面技术,2015(3):25-30. |
| [31] | 申丽霞 .天然气减阻剂的合成及减阻性能测试装置的设计[D].山东大学,2006. |
| [32] | 张梦 .天然气减阻剂的开发及其减阻性能评价[D].中国石油大学(华东),2011. |
| [33] | 张雷 .天然气减阻剂的研制及减阻性能测试[D].山东大学,2009. |
| [34] | 邢文国;冯维春;张长桥;于萍;魏云鹤.硬脂酸咪唑啉在天然气输送管道减阻成膜性能的研究[J].材料工程,2011(7):44-48. |
| [35] | 刘瑞斌;陈慧玉;王慧龙;辛剑.烷基咪唑啉中间体合成的最佳反应条件的研究[J].渤海大学学报(自然科学版),2004(3):213-216. |
| [36] | 李峰;邢文国;张金岭;鲍旭晨;魏云鹤.基于巯基三唑化合物的复配天然气减阻剂性能研究[J].天然气工业,2010(11):87-91. |
| [37] | 许超 .天然气减阻剂的合成及减阻性能测试装置的改进与应用[D].山东大学,2008. |
| [38] | 叶天旭;王铭浩;曹云;张梦;李芳.基于十八醇磷酸酯单乙醇铵盐的天然气减阻剂室内评价[J].天然气工业,2010(11):92-96. |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%