目的 研究十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对碳纤维表面镍镀层电沉积行为及镀层质量的影响.方法 用线性伏安法测定不同质量浓度的SDS镀液电沉积镍的析出电位,用扫描电镜分析镍镀层表面形貌及镍在电沉积初期的微观状态.结果 未加入SDS的溶液中,镍的析出电位为-0.829 V;在0.1~0.5 g/L SDS的镀液中,镍的析出电位为-0.792~-0.745 V;当SDS质量浓度为0.3 g/L时,镍的析出电位最大为-0.745 V.结论 镀液中添加少量SDS时有利于提高镍的析出电位,有利于镍在碳纤维表面形核析出,镍镀层表面均匀致密,由细小的角锥状结构构成;过量的SDS会影响碳纤维表面吸附-脱吸附的平衡,碳纤维表面存在未脱吸附的SDS微区,镍在此区域的形核析出受到影响,镍镀层表面质量较差,由不均匀分布的角锥状结构和垂直于基底的片层结构构成.在实验溶液体系中SDS最优添加量为0.3 g/L.
Objective To investigate the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS) on the electrodeposition behavior and quality of nickel coating on carbon fiber surface. Methods The electroplating nickel deposition potential for different concentrations of SDS solution was measured using linear sweep voltammetry. The morphology of nickel plating surface in the beginning of the electro-deposition of nickel was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Results The deposition potential of nickel in the solution without additives was about -0. 829 V. When adding 0. 1~0. 5 g/L of SDS, the deposition potential of nickel in the solution in-creased to -0. 792 ~0. 745 V, and the maximum deposition potential(-0. 745 V) of nickel was 0. 3 g/L SDS in the additive. Conclusion The results showed that adding a small amount of SDS solution was beneficial to improve the deposition potential of nickel, which could promote the deposition of nickel plating. The surface of nickel coating consising of a pyramid shaped fine struc-ture was uniform and compact, but excessive amount of SDS would affect the equilibrium of adsorption and desorption on the surface of carbon fiber. There was a SDS micro area of non-desorption on the carbon fiber surface and the nucleation of precipitates in this area was affected. The surface of nickel coating consisting of unevenly distributed pyramidal structure and lamellar structure vertical to the base had poor quality. The optimal concentration of the SDS additive in the solution system should be 0. 3 g/L.
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