材料期刊网

耐事故燃料是一种满足反应堆更多安全裕量设计要求的新型燃料元件.锆合金表面涂层研究是耐事故燃料包壳发展的一个主要方向,致力于解决高温条件下锆水严重反应的问题.该包壳具有经济性好,易于实现商业化等优点.重点阐述了锆合金包壳表面涂层制备技术和一些应用性能的研究进展,制备技术包括涂层方法、涂层厚度和涂层成分等,应用性能主要包括高温氧化和辐照性能.详细分析了锆合金表面涂层研究需要考虑的四个关键问题,即涂层材料选择、涂层工艺选择、涂层质量表征以及涂层锆包壳关键应用性能研究.涂层材料既要满足耐高温氧化性能,又要满足堆内正常运行的相关性能要求;涂层工艺应能制备出结合力好且致密的薄膜,并考虑锆包壳管涂层过程的可实现性;针对锆包壳特殊的应用环境,涂层质量表征重点关注涂层的附着力和膜致密度;涂层包壳关键应用性能主要考虑高温氧化、腐蚀、抗热冲击和腐蚀性能.综合已有研究结果,指出MAX相和金属Cr是两种有应用前景的锆包壳涂层材料,电弧离子镀技术作为锆包壳涂层工艺有一定的发展潜力.

Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) is a new type of fuel element meeting more safety margin of reactor design requirements. The surface coating study of zirconium alloy cladding is one major direction of ATF cladding development, which focuses on solving the reaction problem between zirconium and steam at high temperature, and features in good cost performance, feasibility in commercialization and so on. The paper focused on research progress in terms of prepara-tion technology and certain application performance of the surface coating of zirconium alloy cladding. The preparation technology included coating method, coating thickness and coating composition. The application performance mainly in-cluded high temperature oxidation and irradiation performance. Four key issues in studying surface coating of zirconium alloys were analyzed in details, i.e., selection of coating materials and coating process, characterization of coating quality as well as the key application performance research of coating Zr cladding. The coating material should not only meet the high-temperature oxidation resistance, but also meet relevant performance requirements of reactor under normal opera-tion; the coating process should provide adhesive and dense structure films and consider realizability of the coating process for Zr cladding tube. For special application environment of Zr cladding, the coating quality characterization fo-cused on coating adhesion and film compactness. High-temperature oxidation, corrosion, thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance were mainly considered in respect of key application performance of coating cladding. MAX phase and metal Cr are two promising coating materials for Zr cladding, and arc ion plating as coating process of Zr cladding has substantial development potential.