采用SiO2纳米颗粒对变压器油进行改性研究，制备了0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%4种质量浓度的SiO2纳米改性变压器油。通过比较不同浓度SiO2纳米改性变压器油的分散稳定性和电气理化特性，确定最佳浓度为1%，此时测得其微水含量为5.118 mg/L，击穿电压为52.05 kV，介质损耗为2.107%。利用COMSOL Multiphysics建立稳态圆筒型散热模型，分析SiO2纳米改性变压器油的散热特性，采用稳态法和瞬态法对配制的SiO2纳米改性变压器油的热导率进行研究，在最佳浓度下测得其热导率为0.15 W/(m·K)，较纯油提高了5%以上。仿真和实验结果均表明SiO2纳米改性变压器油具有较好的散热性能。
Silica nanoparticle was used to modify the transformer oil, and four nano-silica modified trans-former oils, with 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% mass concentration of silica nanoparticles, were prepared. Their electrical properties, chemical properties, physical properties, and dispersion stability were compared, and the optimal concentration was proved to be 1%. Under the optimal concentration, the moisture content is 5.118 mg/L, the AC breakdown voltage is 52.05 kV, and the dielectric loss is 2.107%. A steady cylinder heat dissipation model was established using COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the heat dissipation characteristic of the modified oil. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of the modified oil was measured by steady state method and transient method. Under the optimal concentration, the thermal conductivity of the modified oil is 0.15 W/(m·K), which is 5% greater than that of the pure oil. The experimental and simulation results indicate that the silica nanoparticle modified transformer oil has better heat dissipation characteristic.
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