田菁胶是从田菁种子胚乳中提取的一种天然多糖类高分子有机物.天然的化学结构反映出的理化性质限制了其应用和推广.化学结构式的修饰改进是扩大其应用的有效手段.修饰改进后的田菁胶无毒、无污染,在石油开采、煤开采、纺织、印刷、造纸和食品等领域得到了广泛应用.文中对羧甲基法、羟乙基法、羟丙基法、交联法、羟烷基-羧甲基法、羧甲基-羟烷基法、阳离子法、酶解法、氧化法和两性法等田菁胶化学结构式的主要修饰改进方法进行了详述.总结了修饰改进技术注意事项,并对前景进行了展望.
Sesbania gum is a natural polysaccharide polymeric organic extracted from seed endosperm of sesbania.Natural chemical structure reflects physical and chemical properties which limit its applications and popularization.Modification of the chemical structural formula is an effective method for expanding application.The modified sesbania gums,non-toxic and no pollution,were widely applied to the oil drilling,coal mining,textile,printing,paper,food and other fields.The paper reviewed modified methods for chemical structure of sesbania gum,such as thecarboxymethyl method,hydroxyethyl method,hydmxypropyl method,crosslinking method,hydroxylalkylcarboxymethyl and carboxymethyl-hydroxyalkyl method,cation method,enzymatic hydrolysis method,oxidation and amphoteric method in details.The announcements were summarized,and the prospect was looked forward.
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