对含氢腐蚀甲烷气泡和裂纹的304不锈钢进行了600℃,6 h的再热处理.SEM观察表明,氢蚀气泡和裂纹发生了完全愈合.氢蚀气泡和裂纹的愈合机制是热扩散,Fe和C在奥氏体中的快速扩散是304不锈钢中氢蚀裂纹的自愈合的必要条件.发生氢蚀裂纹愈合的动力是氢蚀气泡长大导致的塑性变形能Es,在Fe,C和H原子扩散都足够快的情况下,氢蚀气泡和裂纹的愈合条件是Es≥2γ/r(γ为界面表面张力,r为气泡半径或裂纹半长).氢蚀气泡或裂纹的愈合过程伴随亚晶长大、多边形化的高温回复过程甚至再结晶.
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