热电厂中质材为X20CrMoV12.1耐热合金钢主蒸汽管线在550℃高温条件下长期服役,材料的性能和组织结构发生明显变化,研究结果表明:材料在常温条件下表现为脆性,但没有出现-般耐热钢常见的软化现象;显微组织也发生显著退化,出现明显的蠕变特征.晶界和晶内碳化物严重粗化或球化,经电子衍射和X射线能谱分析,碳化物基本上都是M23C6.分布在晶界、亚晶界和晶内的M23C6碳化物的形态和组分存在-定差异,这可能与碳化物粗化过程相关.晶内有细小弥散的富钒碳化物MC在长期高温时效过程中沉淀,是材料保持硬度的重要原因.
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