根据EAM多体势,利用分子动力学方法模拟了Ni压头压入Al基体的纳米压痕全过程.包括压头接近和离开基体时的原子组态;压入和上升时的载荷-位移曲线以及位错的发射和形变带的产生和变化;同时模拟了纳米尺度的应力弛豫行为.结果表明,当压头尚未接触基体时就能吸引基体原子,通过缩颈而互相连接.当压入应力Ts为1.9 MPa时,基体Al开始发射位错;当分切应力Td=6.4 MPa时,出现形变带.压头上升过程出现反向的拉应力,使基体反向屈服,在卸载过程中基体残留位错的组态不断改变.当压头上升离开基体后能拉着基体通过缩颈而相连,当压头和基体分离后仍粘有基体原子.在纳米尺度也存在应力弛豫现象,其原因是热激活引起的位错发射和运动.
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